Although much of Hawaii’s initial war mobilization occurred under Governor Lucius Pinkham, his successor, Charles J. McCarthy, was instrumental in continuing and expanding relief efforts once the U.S. was fully engaged in World War I. McCarthy supported the work of the Food Commission, encouraged Red Cross activity, and oversaw policies to stabilize labor and transportation in the islands. His administration facilitated the internment of enemy nationals, the transition of seized German ships into U.S. control, and the broader civilian response to the wartime emergency.
